Solanum spp.
History:
This fruit got its start in India where it originated from spiny plants that produced a bitter fruit. After many years of selection and cultivation, non-bitter varieties appeared on the scene in 5th century BC China and from there eventually made their way to Africa and eventually Europe
Seeding:
Start your eggplant seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before your last frost date. Plant seeds at least ¼ inch deep. Seeds like warmer soils to germinate. Our home is typically in the 70 – 72 degree range. Once put under lights it brings the temperature up into the ideal range of 75+ degrees. Germination will occur in 10-15 days.
Seeds are not vigorous and are susceptible to disease. With this being the case, it is very important to sterilize all seeding equipment prior to seeding. Use a diluted bleach solution to clean all seeding trays and only use a sterile, soilless potting mix. By doing so, you will help prevent any disease issues that tomatoes are susceptible to.
I do not transplant up my eggplant seedlings due to a lack of room. I grow mine in 1” cells the entire time. Ideally, the eggplant seedlings get “potted up” into an incrementally larger pot every 2-3 weeks as they grow. This gives the roots ample room to establish and expand. It also encourages air circulation and promotes a healthier environment. In my case, I run an air filter close by. This increases circulation and also filters out any potential fungal spores that might otherwise be floating around looking for a home.
Hardening off is critically important for a successful transition into the garden. Be sure and begin the hardening off process at least a week before planting out. Give the plants ample exposure to direct sunlight, cooler mornings and evenings, and a few breezes. A good plan is to increase their outdoor time by an hour each day. Be careful to avoid letting the transplants dry out. Avoid direct sunlight for extended periods of time, especially early in the process. Avoid high winds, rain, and extreme temperature changes as well.
Spacing:
12” – 18”
Cultivation:
Eggplants do not require much! Like most vegetables they do prefer fertile, well drained soil. They love the sun and warm soil. Plant outside after the last threat of frost. Avoid mulching heavily until warm weather is present to stay.
Harvest:
Harvest eggplants when their skin begins to gloss. Eggplants taste their richest when harvest on the younger side.
